December 1944
Bigonville
On the 21st of December, 2000, 56 years later to the day, Horst Lange returned to Bigonville. During this friendly visit, old memories were reawakened. Meetings with eye-witnesses and residents of Bigonville were joyful ones. And so, 56 years after the events of the war, Mr Lange left the town as a friend.
The following report describes the experiences in December, 1944, from recollections during the visit to Bigonville.
Excerpt from the recollections of Horst Lange, German 5th Parachute Division veteran
19 December: A long and difficult march was predicted for us. The target was to be the American artillery position in the vicinity of Café Schumann. Without any fighting we marched as far as Kautenbach. The beautiful bridge over the Wiltz River, (or was it the Clerf?) (Translator's note: Kautenbach seems to be at or near the confluence of the Wiltz and the Clerf) pleased me so much that, despite the rather uncomfortable circumstances, I see it in my mind’s eye even after many decades. At daybreak the entire 15th Parachute Regiment crossed over it. Now began the climb up the wooded slopes. It was a very great ordeal, there in the forest, during which darkness fell. We made only very arduous forward progress in the direction of Wiltz. During the descent toward Wiltz the heels of both my boots were torn off. Shortly before 19 h (7:00 PM) we reached the outskirts of Wiltz itself. It must have been at about 20 h (8:00 PM) that the Regiment pushed on further. We moved through Wiltz in extended order. Apparently we were on the main street through the lower city. We wondered why several tanks or armored vehicles were standing in the side streets, and we had the impression that they were German. Nobody approached them, and we couldn’t make out any insignias because of the distance and the darkness. When we were about 1 km from Café Schumann, there was very heavy machine gun fire from up ahead of us. And from Wiltz 6 or 8 armored vehicles came driving down the road from behind us, heading also in the direction of Café Schumann. These vehicles went by us at top speed, throwing hand grenades at us from both sides. Quickly all the bazookas (Panzerfausts) available were handed forward. By about midnight the skirmish was over. All the armor was knocked out, and a great many American soldiers were taken prisoner. The noise of battle died down, and the 12th Company pushed still another half-kilometer or so farther down the road south from Schumann’s Corner in order to spend the night in the farmhouses there, in the upper part of Nothum. We had suffered no casualties in the Company.
20 December: In the morning we spotted three G.I.’s who were walking toward us through the fields from the direction of Wiltz. They seemed to be stragglers. When they got to within 20 meters of the farmhouse, we came out in the open, and the Americans surrendered immediately. Then, gradually, our Division began to make some progress. After the guys with tattered boots got themselves fitted out with new footgear from a looted store, (I also needed new ones) the Regiment pushed on further. At the time it was somehow ominously quiet in the battle zone. On the road toward Bigonville we had only a couple of brief skirmishes. Somewhere between Bauschleiden and Bigonville we spent the night under the open sky. It turned out to be a cold night.
21 December: Completely frozen through, we had a hot drink for the first time in quite a while, and this did us markedly good. Our mood became much better again. I can’t recall much precisely now about the rest of the march, but somehow at about noon we got to Bigonville, where we were to take up a position. The rumor was going around that General Patton with his Third Army was on the march toward the battle zone. An advance party had selected a position for our four 80 mm mortars.
It was a rather good-sized garden which was located at the southernmost end of the main street. Coming from the center of town, just to the right of the garden, was a small house in which a couple of guys from the mortar squad had set up quarters. In the approaching darkness we worked on the building of our mortar emplacement. The evening and the night went by relatively quietly, except for the fact that heavy vehicle traffic could be heard in the distance.
22 December: Snow was in the air, and the temperature hung right around the freezing point. After several days without hot food, there was finally something hot to eat again. The field kitchen was unable to move up from the rear very fast. On this day we fired a large number of mortar shells, all in a southwesterly direction. The guys from the squads with the heavy machine guns were operating in the area of Martelange and Wolwelange. Thanks to the increasing snowfall, we remained spared from dive-bomber (P-47) attacks. In the afternoon I had to make another couple of message-runs to the Company command post, during which it seemed to me that the whole town was almost deserted. I only saw a couple of women. (Translator's note: Maybe he saw Sophie Lion-Lutgen trying to feed the stock in the stable across the street) Rumors abounded about an upcoming attack on one of the next couple of days. Except for our firing mission with the mortars, there was no military activity in the village that I could notice. Late in the afternoon a soldier needed 2 or 3 more men for an alleged reconnaissance mission. I didn’t know exactly where they were going. After barely a half an hour they returned with a freshly-slaughtered sow. The man was a butcher, and he said that the bellies of the hungry young soldiers hurt him so much. Early in the evening our Company commander dropped by. We were just then having our “cookout”. He bawled out the butcher frightfully, but as he was leaving he said, nonetheless, “Guten Appetit. Who knows whether there’ll be another meat-fest like this on Christmas?” It certainly was a crazy time.
23 December: It has snowed, and the whole landscape was decorated with a Christmasy white. The sky was clear, and the temperature was already a few degrees below freezing. It was a day that in peacetime would make one think about a winter stroll, though the artillery fire from both sides was growing gradually heavier. From the Wolwelange and Martelange sectors there were reports of heavy American troop movements. (Translator’s note: This would be the 4th Armored Division, attacking north toward Bastogne.) We of the mortar squad had the road junctions as our targets, but we could barely reach them with our mortar shells. In the late forenoon, American bomber squadrons flew over the battle zone. Apparently they were returning from their attacks on Germany. We were having to shoot at quite a considerable distance, and as a result the shells were going very high. The bombers, on the other hand, were flying relatively low, and suddenly there was an explosion on one of the planes. We conjectured that, by accident, it could have been one of our mortar shells. We could only just make out that about eight crew members bailed out with parachutes. They landed safely behind the American lines. Now, too, increased dive-bomber (P-47) activity was beginning, though we were more afraid of the “Lame Ducks”. That’s what we called the slow-flying planes (Translator’s note: Piper ‘Cubs’) with the American artillery-spotters. When the Lame Duck came, we paused in our firing, but in spite of that we apparently had prevented the Americans from taking Bigonville as of the late afternoon of the 23rd. From our position we could observe clearly the slope to the west. Up there on the high ground, five German tanks or self-propelled guns (SP’s) came out of the forest. The American anti-tank guns were quick to take them under fire, and after four were destroyed, the fifth vehicle pulled back into the woods. In the afternoon, the field-grey uniforms of German infantry suddenly appeared in Bigonville. They were the soldiers of the “Grossdeutschland” division who had been transferred from the Eastern Front. We envied these people for their beautiful warm winter boots. With the oncoming darkness, the combat activity slackened. It felt good to have two or three hours of quiet for a change. At 2200 hours (10:00 PM) I had to go with one other guy to the western wall of the cemetery to relieve the outpost. We walked without danger down the street and then further out to the right in the direction of the cemetery. We had a few cold hours ahead of us.
24 December: Shortly after midnight we heard from the cemetery wall some very loud motor noises from the American army. For the day before Christmas we had a few powerful surprises to reckon with. Later, also, the American artillery began to fire. It was sometime between 3:00 and 4:00 AM when we were relieved. We immediately fell fast asleep in the little house near our emplacement.
Our sleep was so sound that I wasn’t even aware of the explosions of the shells in and in front of the house. At 9 o’clock I received the order, along with my comrade from the previous night, to go back to the cemetery. After a brief snack we set out again. On our way there, another guy from the mortar squad came half crawling toward us. He was frightfully wounded in the face; I think half his nose was gone. We didn’t walk in the street any more, but went cross-lots through the gardens. As we were about to go through one of the houses that had some sort of stable beside it, 5 or 6 American soldiers came through the door on the street side.
We also saw several tanks already moving into Bigonville. (Translator’s note: These were tanks and half-tracks from 37th Tank Battalion and the 53rd Armored Infantry, Combat Command Reserve, 4th Armored, attacking down the slope from Flatzbour) At this point we saw no other alternative but to surrender. First of all papers, like my pay-book, were taken. Also personal papers, like family letters and photos were taken and thrown away. The few German marks that I had were of no more use to me anyway. I didn’t need the steel helmet any more now, but I would have liked to keep my forage cap, for it was bitter cold. The camouflage flying-jacket, which could still offer some protection against the cold, was also taken away from me. So all I had left, finally, was a dirty handkerchief and my life. We two were then guarded for more than an hour by 4 or 5 G.I.’s.We waited around with our hands clasped behind our heads. One of the soldiers was, for some reason, sympathetic to me. He also tried to have a personal conversation, and told me he was from Chicago. I replied, “I am from Hamburg”. That was my first school-English that I was able to put to use. He gave me a cigarette and lighted it for me, for I still had my hands behind my head. Shortly thereafter a vigorously outspoken American came into the stable and asked me a few questions which I really couldn’t understand. Someone else said that I knew English well and he told the man that, whereupon the interrogator gave me a left and a right to the face with his fists and left the stable. As a result I bit my tongue and the cigarette fell into the straw. My ‘friend’ from Chicago gave me a new cigarette and said that the guy was an officer. The cigarette tasted of blood, however. After more than an hour, an assortment of soldiers from our Company were in captivity in the neighboring houses, and around noon we were brought behind the American lines, about 30 of us in all. At that time, fierce fighting was still raging in Bigonville. We had a difficult march in the cold and the snow until we reached the American artillery position. Here we stood in formation, about 100 German prisoners of war. Most of us were from the 5th Parachute Division, but there were also a few from other outfits along with us. Here for the first time we were interrogated and evaluated. Anyone wearing American shoes had to take them off, despite the icy cold. Thus I took off another sweater, tore it up, and wrapped it around my feet.After about two hours an American officer saw this and arranged it so that everybody got new shoes. I’ve had problems with chilblains for many years. About 50 of us were taken farther, and later we were driven in a trailer truck to a town whose name I did not know. It was practically dark when we arrived and were imprisoned in a damp cellar. Whether we were all in there or not I don’t know, but, whatever the case, there wasn’t room enough for anyone to lie down. Suddenly, in that dark cellar, somebody found a few half-rotten apples so that we at least got something to chew on. Someone started singing “Silent Night. Holy Night”, and everybody sang with him.
Source: By courtesy of Horst Lange - English translation by Bruce Burdett, 188th ECB veteran